What is Autism and its Symptoms

Introduction

The word Autism, often known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is used to refer to a broad range of neuro developmental problems.

Disparities in social interaction and communication are characteristics of these disorders. Individuals with ASD frequently exhibit confined, repetitive hobbies or behavioral habits.

People with ASD may be found anywhere, irrespective of their racial or cultural heritage, culture, or socioeconomic status.

What are the symptoms of autism?

ASD symptoms usually show up in early childhood, between the ages of 12 and 24 months. But symptoms might possibly show up sooner or later. A noticeable delay in linguistic or social development is one of the early indications.

An individual must have symptoms given below in order to be diagnosed with autism.

• Issues relating to social interaction and communication
• Difficulty establishing eye contact since birth
• By nine months, they had stopped answering to their name and had stopped making expressions on their faces that indicated how they felt, such as surprise or rage.
• After a year: not playing simple interactive games like pat-a-cake or peek-a-boo
• By the age of twelve months: refraining from utilizing hand motions, such as waving
• By the age of fifteen months: not introducing people to their interests (by displaying a favorite toy, for instance).
• After 18 months: not pointing or following other people’s cues
• By 24 months: unable of identifying sadness or grief in others; by 30 months: incapable of “pretend play,” such as tending to a doll or playing with figurines.
• 60 months of age: no longer engaging in turn-taking activities such as duck-duck-goose
• Furthermore, beginning around 36 months of age, children with autism may struggle to communicate their emotions or comprehend those of others.

As they become older, they may find it difficult to communicate or have very little speaking ability. The rate at which other autistic children acquire linguistic abilities may vary. For instance, if they have a special interest in a topic, they may become rather proficient in using their language when discussing it. However, they could find it hard to talk to each other about other topics.

Apart from the previously discussed communication and social difficulties, signs of autism also encompass behavioral and bodily movements.

These may consist of:

• Repeated motions, such as stacking up toys in a specific order and becoming agitated when that order is broken, or rocking, flapping their arms, twirling, or sprinting back and forth
• Attachment to rigid schedules, such as those pertaining to going to bed or school
• Repeating phrases or sentences they hear someone else say repeatedly
• Becoming irritated with little adjustments
• Concentrating closely on specific details, such as the hair on a doll or the wheel of a toy vehicle; unique responses to noises, scents, and tastes
• Compulsive hobbies
• Extraordinary skills, such as musical aptitude or recall

Additional features

Other symptoms that some individuals with autism may encounter include:

• Delayed cognitive, linguistic, or motor abilities
• Seizures gastrointestinal problems, such as diarrhea or constipation severe stress or concern abnormally high or low feelings of fear
• Impulsive, hyperactive, or inattentive actions
• Unexpected feelings and emotions
• Strange dietary customs or preferences
• Peculiar sleeping habits

What is stimming?

Self-stimulating actions, sometimes including repetitive gestures or voice, are referred to as “stimming.”

Someone might clap their hands, stroke something, or say something aloud. Though it’s usually connected to autism, almost everyone stimms in some way, whether it’s by chewing their nails or rubbing their hands together.

Stimming may sometimes be physically harmful or interfere with daily living for persons with autism. However, it may also be an effective coping strategy for handling uncomfortable circumstances and sensory overload, among other things.

What causes autism?

Among the possible risk factors for ASD are:

• Possessing a member of the immediate family with autism due to certain genetic abnormalities
• X syndrome fragility and other genetic illnesses
• Being born into an elder family
• Reduced birth weight
• Metabolic abnormalities
• Exposure to pollutants in the environment and heavy metals
• A mother’s viral illness history
• Drug exposure during pregnancy
• The development of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) may be influenced by a person’s environment and genetics.

What tests are used to diagnose autism?

A diagnosis of ASD entails:

• Multiple showings
• Genetic testing assessments
• Preliminary screenings

Early detection of ASD in children can be achieved by screening. Support and an early diagnosis might be beneficial to them.

It’s critical to remember that screening does not equate to diagnosis. Youngsters who test positive for ASD are not always affected by it. Additionally, not every kid with autism is identified by screenings.

Additional exams and screenings

The doctor treating your kid could suggest a range of tests to screen for autism, such as:

• Testing for genetic disorders using DNA
• Behavioral assessment
• Exams of vision and hearing to rule out any problems that aren’t connected to ASD occupational therapy screening

Usually, a group of experts determines the diagnosis. On this team might be:

• Child Psychologists and occupational therapists
• Language pathologists and speech therapists.

What support is available for autistic people?

For ASD, there are no “cures.” Instead, supportive therapy and other factors may be able to improve the quality of life or lessen certain symptoms for some individuals with autism.

Numerous strategies include treatments like:

• Behavioral medicine
• Engage in play therapy
• Employment medicine
• Exercise therapy
• Speech treatment

Some autistic persons may find that massages, weighted blankets and clothes, and meditation techniques help them control their symptoms. But the outcomes will differ. Certain tactics may work effectively for some people but not for others.

Can diet impact Autism?

There isn’t a particular diet meant for those with autism. However, some supporters of autism are looking at dietary adjustments as a means of reducing behavioral problems and improving quality of life in general.

Eliminating artificial additives is a cornerstone of the autism diet. These consist of:

• Sweeteners
• Colors
• Preservatives

Alternatively, an autism diet could emphasize entire foods like:

• Fresh produce and fruits
• Lean meat, seafood, and unsaturated fats
• Plenty of water

A gluten-free diet is also supported by certain activists for autism. Gluten is present as a protein in:

• Barley
• Wheat
• Other grains

These proponents contend that in some cases of autism, gluten causes inflammation and unfavorable physiological effects.

How does autism affect kids?

Children with autism may not grow to the same level as their classmates or they may show signs of losing previously acquired language or social abilities.

A two-year-old without autism, for example, could be interested in basic pretend play. Playing with other kids may be enjoyable for a 4-year-old without autism. A youngster with autism may find social interaction difficult or unpleasant in general.

Children with autism may also exhibit repetitive activities, have trouble falling asleep, or overindulge in nonfood things. Without a regular schedule or an organized environment, they could struggle to thrive.

To make sure your autistic kid does well in the school, you might need to collaborate closely with their instructors.

Importance of exercise for children with Autism

Certain activities may help youngsters with autism feel less frustrated and improve their general wellbeing.

Whatever kind of physical activity your child likes can be good for them. It’s great to just hang out on the playground and go for walks.

Exercise and sensory play can be combined with swimming and other in-water activities. People with autism who may have difficulties processing sensory information might benefit from sensory play exercises.

For kids with autism, contact sports can occasionally be challenging. Alternatively, you may promote more strenuous yet strengthening workouts. Start with these exercises for kids with autism: arm circles, star leaps, and other activities.

Conclusion

The best treatments incorporate early and comprehensive behavioral assistance. A child’s chances will be improved the earlier they sign up for these services.

Recall that ASD is complicated. Whether they are adults or children, autistic people need time to locate the right support system.

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